Familiarity with probe and rover robots and their applications
Discoveries made in recent years would have been impossible without modern robots, probes, telescopes, and spacecraft. Astronauts are likely to replace these robots in the future.
Space robots, such as spacecraft and orbiters, etc., have stepped into areas where living things do not seem to be able to enter, given the technologies available to humans today. To understand the magnitude of this distance, it is good to know that the average distance from Pluto to the Sun is about 39 times the distance from Earth to the Sun. Humanoid robots, such as Robonat 2, are designed to assist humans with a variety of tasks.
If robots can help us meet the needs of space projects so much, should space exploration continue to be done by humans or should it be entrusted to them? This is a question that has many supporters and opponents, but in the plans that scientists envision for the future of space missions, humans and robots are supposed to carry out missions together, so that the absence of each of them makes the project impossible.
Rovers that land on the surface of Mars can move on its surface, while surface dwellers or Martians can only land on the surface of Mars at a fixed location.
The astronaut can move on the surface of the planet and make the necessary moves on the surface of the target planet according to the missions that scientists are considering for it.
Mars rovers, especially the Perseverance rovers, are among the heaviest robots ever sent to the surface of Mars. These astronauts have the same dimensions as a car and their weight can vary from one to several tons.
How do rover robots work?
These robots have different cameras for monitoring, controlling the environment and shooting from the surface of Mars and have different arms that give the robot special mobility and can do different things using these arms.
These robots are a mobile laboratory, university, or large science campus that lands on the surface of another planet and has a variety of measuring instruments in the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, and geology.
The Perseverance astronaut can sample the surface of Mars, study the sample, and send information and analysis results to Earth scientists.
Another important feature of the Perseverance Mars rover is the presence of a helicopter-like drone that intends to fly in the Martian atmosphere for the first time. The drone has tremendous mobility and potential, and could provide scientists with more news and information about Mars in the future.
What is the lifespan of a Peshawar astronaut?
Astronauts use different batteries to carry out their activities. Today, the use of atomic batteries is common for astronauts who use energy and nuclear generators and have a longer lifespan than solar generators.
These astronauts are built with advanced technologies and can usually perform more useful work than scientists intended.
Advanced technologies make it possible for scientists to extend the mission time of robots and be able to use them to perform various tasks. When scientists conclude that a higher-tech robot is needed on the surface of Mars, the previous project, which was being carried out by another robot, will be shut down.
Will the soil sample from Mars reach Earth?
Scientists plan to bring a sample of Martian soil to Earth in the future. The persistent astronaut will carry out part of this mission, but he will not be able to send the sample to Earth alone, but in the process will do the sampling work (selecting and analyzing suitable samples with more scientific value).
The astronaut is preparing samples to be sent to Earth during the next missions collected by other instruments from the surface of the planet Mars. Bring Martian soil to Earth.
What are the benefits of sending Martian soil to Earth?
Doing so can be very attractive from a motivational and psychological point of view and human progress, because soil samples are brought to the surface from a planet that humans have never even set foot on.
In addition, sending a sample of Martian soil to Earth for future projects, especially human travel to the planet, can be promising and introduce the planet to Earth’s inhabitants.
Bringing Martian soil to Earth is also scientifically important, because when samples of the planet’s soil are available, the necessary experiments and analyzes can be performed without delay. Due to financial problems and hardware and software facilities, Mars missions are performed only once every two years.
Rosetta spacecraft
Three years ago, the Rosetta space mission ended and the European Space Agency’s studies on the 67P comet surface were completed. Rosetta traveled 6 billion kilometers to reach beyond Jupiter, and presented astonishing findings to scientists. Since 2014, the spacecraft has been in orbit around the 67P comet and was able to transmit a series of close-up images of the comet to Earth. One of the most complete studies of comets was performed by the same spacecraft, which used this space robot to obtain very good information about the origin of the solar system. Rosetta also carried a fillet probe that was to be sent to the comet after being placed in orbit.
But the process did not go according to plan, and the fillet stopped working two days after landing at 67P. Eventually, the European Space Agency decided to end Rosetta’s mission because it was too far away from the Sun and was constantly moving toward Jupiter. Finally, Rosetta, with an approximate weight of two tons and a 13-hour free fall, hit the comet surface with a length of four kilometers 67P. It is three years since the successful completion of the Rosetta spacecraft mission. The spacecraft was in orbit around the comet mentioned above from 2014 to 2016 and studied the comet at close range. But recently, a review of the spacecraft’s data has led to a new discovery. Roger Perez, a Spanish astronomical photographer, encountered a small object in the images of the Rosetta spacecraft while studying and processing the images.
Perez then took a timelapse of successive images of the Rosetta spacecraft and noticed that the object revolved around comet 67P. Eventually, he tweeted the timelps and announced the possible discovery of a moon around the comet. The diameter of this moon is only four meters and it can be considered the smallest moon ever discovered in the solar system. This moon is currently and unofficially called “Churyumoon”. The Rosetta spacecraft was launched in 2004 aboard the Arian 5 rocket and reached the 67P comet after a decade-long voyage in 2014. The spacecraft then studied the 67P comet from a very close distance for more than two years, sending the surface to the comet’s surface. The 2016 Rosetta spacecraft mission ended with a planned collision with the 67P comet.
Opportunity Mars rover
Scientists at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory finally announced last year that Opportunity had been shut down forever after failing to resuscitate the astronaut. The Opportunity astronaut reached an unprecedented view of the planet after climbing from the mouth of a Martian pit; A vast meteorite of volcanic rock and iron oxide that extends to 2,400 km and is surrounded by rugged mountains under a dark orange sky. The reason for announcing the end of the mission was a system failure due to a loss of power in a Martian dust storm that submerged the astronaut last summer.
In June, a dust storm swept across the planet; The storm was one of the most violent phenomena NASA has ever seen. Opportunity was expected to shut down only by the end of the storm due to a power outage, but attempts to make contact with the spacecraft went unanswered. NASA’s Opportunity rover was a $ 400 million spacecraft sent to the planet in 2003 by the US Space Agency as part of a Mars reconnaissance mission, sending unparalleled information to Earth. The information obtained from this astronaut formed the general view of the people to this neighboring planet. By sending a variety of images, the probe was able to help researchers gain new insights into the existence of life on the planet.
Opportunity astronaut sent to Mars as part of Mars exploration mission
The Opportunity rover was sent to the planet in 2004 by the US Space Agency as part of a Mars reconnaissance mission. The spacecraft was a planetary laboratory tasked with researching, exploring and exploring the planet Mars. Initially, the Opportunity rover was only 90 days long, but the spacecraft continued to transmit information to Earth much later than NASA had predicted. Opportunity has been out of order since last summer, meaning it has been on Mars for almost 15 years. According to the standards of a space operation, 500 meters of movement on the surface of Mars is also considered successful, but this spacecraft was able to travel 45 kilometers on the surface of Mars.
Opportunity reached its first major achievement two months after reaching the Red Planet. The layered protrusion on which the astronaut landed provided evidence of water flow in the rocks: crystals, sulfur compounds, small elliptical objects that scientists likened to blueberries, and rock patterns that resembled sediments from water currents. The discoveries will help frame future Mars missions, including the Curiosity rover, which landed on the planet in 2012 and is still exploring the red planet, and the 2020 mission, which will sample rocks and return them to Earth. کرد.
Robonaut 2
Robonat 2 was a footless humanoid robot built by NASA and operated on the space station from 2011 to 2014. After 2014, Robonat 2 faced problems and returned to Earth in 2018. NASA plans to send the robot back to the space station next year after making updates. Another robot named CIMON has been operating on the space station since 2018, which was built by the European Space Agency. NASA also launched other advanced robots to the space station this year. The two robots traveled to the space station during NASA’s Astrobee project and are scheduled to take on some of the space station’s day-to-day tasks, such as equipment review. In general, the purpose of sending robots to the International Space Station is to perform some simple and even dangerous tasks by them to give astronauts more free time.
NASA is not the only organization that will use the robot, General Motors will also take advantage of the robot. The company intends to use the experience and tips gained from this project and the technology used in Robonat, to make its work environment safer. This space robot can move its hands at a speed of two meters per second and can carry a load of about 18 kg. Robonat 2 is incredibly agile and can move its arms in 12 different directions, swinging its arms and wrists in seven different directions, using 54 separate motors to perform these movements. Prior to 2014, Robonat 2’s body consisted of only the upper torso, but after that year, two legs were added to the torso.
Dextre Robot
In 2013, astronauts engaged themselves on the International Space Station with ground-based experiments at the station, which simulated the environment outside the station, a vacuum. The experiments were controlled by Houston, where a 60-foot Canadian robotic arm was to take two smaller arms before reaching a module-sized washing machine.
