Dangerous effects of climate change and mitigation strategies in 2021
The speed of climate change and global warming turns rainy autumn winters and snowy and icy winters into devastating floods in memory and spring rains, and green pastures gradually give way to desert areas.
Following the concerns of the international community, the Kyoto Protocol (1997) is the most important international agreement on the control and reduction of greenhouse gases, in which industrialized countries have committed to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions by five percent and provide financial assistance to developing countries to increase Grant the penetration rate of the use of renewable energies such as solar and wind energy.
However, the rate of climate change is faster than the actions of the countries of the world, and this has led to a significant increase in the devastating events caused by global warming, and its negative effects are increasing.
The most tangible consequence of climate change in our country is the reduction of rainfall and drought for many years, which is itself the cause of water shortage crises, soil erosion and land subsidence, increasing dust.
Among them, farmers are the most important group that have suffered the most damage during the production of agricultural products due to temperature fluctuations caused by climate change.
Given the very negative effects of climate change on the quality of human life, new and scientific solutions and methods should be put on the agenda to deal with it.
How will climate change change the future of the world?
Scientists say that as we approach the year 2100, climate forecasts need to look more broadly into the future. It is difficult to imagine what the earth will look like in 2500. But the collaboration between science and art provides a worrying window into how ever-changing climate can turn a familiar land into an alien landscape in the next few centuries.
Environmental social scientist Christopher Lyon acknowledges such horrific changes as subtropical plant domination of western US farms, India-like overheating, the drying up of the Amazon rain-forest, and more.
To visualize what the world will be like in terms of climate in the future, the researchers considered three different modes: low carbon, medium and high emissions. The exact definition of these values was based on previous United Nations reports on climate change. Thus, they predicted changes until the year 2500. The team also studied in particular the effects of changing civilizations. For example, variable crops and changes in land use and vegetation were also considered.
For all scenarios except the lowest emission, which is almost in line with limiting global warming to less than 2 degrees Celsius compared to the per-industrial era under the 2015 Paris Agreement, global temperatures will continue to rise until 2,500. At the highest emission rate, the Earth’s temperature will rise by about 2.2 degrees by 2100 and by a limited 4.6 degrees Celsius by 2500. Researchers say this is leading to a major restructuring of the world’s ecosystems – the disappearance of most of the Amazon rain-forest, changes in crops, and rising temperatures to the point that the tropics are becoming uninhabitable.
The team then collaborated with James McCoy, an artist and scientific communications specialist at the University of Leeds in the United Kingdom, to color the data. Based on the predictions of this study, McCoy created a collection of detailed paintings that show different world landscapes now and in the year 2500.
The purpose of these images is to help people visualize the future in a way that makes it look more realistic and may give people some hope to prepare for adapting to it.
The year 2000 vs. the year 2500
The emission of large amounts of greenhouse gases can increase the average global temperature by about 4.6 degrees Celsius compared to the per-industrial era. As a result, extreme heat in India could dramatically change the way humans live in the environment.
The effects of global warming and ambient temperature on human health and lifestyle
Carbon dioxide is a colorless compound that we humans produce only by breathing; But the effect of carbon dioxide produced by combustion (whether fuel or friction) is darker. Human Climate Change is the scientific discussion of our world today. More than 97% of climate change scientists agree that over the past century, human activity has been the cause of climate change or global climate change.
The issue of climate change has attracted a great deal of attention since the turn of the century. Attention that we have not seen before. The evidence for climate change is astounding. Since the Industrial Revolution, global emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases have led to what is now known as “global warming.”
The word “change” in the phrase “climate change” emphasizes that the pollution of the Earth’s atmosphere has led to massive climate events, one of which is global warming. As global temperatures rise, processes such as desertification occur, which turn fertile areas into arid environments.
In addition, because hot weather can hold large amounts of water, and because of the evaporation rate, the likelihood of hurricanes and other severe and unexpected climatic events is greatly increased.
In the rest of this article, we will discuss exactly what we are talking about when we talk about climate change or climate change. In addition, we answer the question why the phenomenon of “denial of climate change” should be considered a disaster?
What is climate change?
Human activities refer to pollution from industrial activities and other sources that produce greenhouse gases. These gases, like carbon dioxide, have the ability to absorb the infrared spectrum and play a major role in raising the Earth’s atmosphere. If these gases are produced, they can remain trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere for decades or hundreds of years.
Greenhouse Gases ; The main cause of climate change
Carbon dioxide: Primarily produced by burning fossil fuels (oil, natural gas or coal), solid waste, trees and wood products. Carbon dioxide produced as a result of deforestation and soil erosion is transferred to the Earth’s atmosphere.
The lifespan of carbon dioxide can not be determined by a single value; This is because the compound does not degrade over time and instead shifts into different parts of the “sea-atmosphere-land” cycle. Some excess carbon dioxide is also absorbed by the natural cycles. But some of it stays in the Earth’s atmosphere for thousands of years because it is transported slowly to ocean sediments.
Methane: Coal and natural gas are produced during the oil production and transportation process. In addition, methane is released as a result of agricultural and livestock activities as well as anaerobic degradation of organic waste in municipal waste cemeteries. The average lifespan of methane in the atmosphere is 12.4 years.
Fluoridated gases: A group of gases that have fluorine (F) atoms in their structure, the most important of which are hydro fluorocarbons, per-fluorocarbons and sulfur hexafluoride, as well as some other chemicals. These gases are produced as a result of various industrial activities as well as commercial and domestic uses. Fluoridated gases do not emit naturally. Sometimes some fluoridated gases, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), are used as ozone substitutes in the natural purification process, causing ozone depletion.
What is the greenhouse effect?
The greenhouse effect is the cycle by which greenhouse gases are trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere, leading to an increase in the temperature of the planet Earth. The term was first coined by the French mathematician and physicist Joseph Fourier. February believed that the process of global warming occurs in the same way that heat is trapped in greenhouses.
Greenhouses cause the planet’s surface to heat up due to visible rays and invisible radiation, in which case the atmosphere, like a transparent greenhouse cover, prevents heat from escaping. In more technical terms, invisible radiation from the sun passes through the Earth’s atmosphere and is absorbed by its surface, water and vegetation. But some of this infrared radiation remains trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere. As long as what has been said is a natural process, it remains in good balance.
Carbon dioxide and some compounds in the Earth’s atmosphere, unlike its vital compounds, oxygen and nitrogen, have the ability to absorb infrared radiation. These gases absorb this heat energy and heat the earth’s surface as the second source of radiation. This heat energy remains trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere and worsens depending on the level of gases they absorb. As the level of greenhouse gases increases, so does their ability to absorb infrared radiation, resulting in more heat being trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere.
The carbon cycle refers to the transfer of carbon between all components of nature, including the atmosphere, oceans, rivers, rocks, sediments, and living things. Trees and plants are able to absorb carbon dioxide through the process of photosynthesis. However, deforestation and some other factors have limited the ability of forests to regulate global carbon emissions.
The carbon cycle has also been disrupted due to the huge volume of greenhouse gases produced by human activities. In the last 650,000 years, there have been several periods of glacier advancement and retreat, and the sudden end of the Ice Age about 7,000 years ago can be considered the beginning of the current climate.
Geographical evidence suggests that we have entered a period of abnormal warming. For 400,000 years, the level of carbon in the atmosphere had never exceeded the threshold of 300 parts per million (ppm). This threshold was broken in 1950 and we still see an increase in atmospheric carbon. In 2013, the Earth’s atmospheric carbon dioxide level exceeded 400 parts per million (ppm) for the first time in history.
This catastrophe is directly related to human activities. Activities that have led to the release of huge volumes of greenhouse gases. According to statistics, 25% of global emissions are related to electricity and heat, 21% to industry and 24% to agricultural land.
By disturbing the balance of gases in the Earth’s atmosphere as a result of human pollution, greenhouse gas emissions directly lead to global warming and have far-reaching effects on different climates and civilizations.
